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　　空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)器是利用(yong)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)熱(re)流(liu)(liu)體的(de)(de)換熱(re)器。管(guan)內的(de)(de)熱(re)流(liu)(liu)體通(tong)過管(guan)壁(bi)和翅片與管(guan)外空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)進行換熱(re)，所(suo)用(yong)的(de)(de)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)常由通(tong)風機(ji)供給。空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)器可用(yong)于冷(leng)卻(que)(que)或冷(leng)凝，廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong)于：煉油(you)(you)、石油(you)(you)化工塔頂蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)凝；回流(liu)(liu)油(you)(you)、塔底油(you)(you)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)；各(ge)種反應(ying)生成物的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)；循環氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)和電站汽輪機(ji)排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)凝。工作壓力可達69兆帕。但耗電量、噪聲(sheng)和占地面(mian)積均(jun)大，冷(leng)卻(que)(que)受氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)變化影響(xiang)較大。

　　結構

　　管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)包(bao)括傳熱(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)、側(ce)梁和橫(heng)梁等。它可(ke)按臥(wo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、立式(shi)(shi)(shi)和斜頂式(shi)(shi)(shi)（人(ren)字(zi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)）3種(zhong)基(ji)本形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)布(bu)置(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，臥(wo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)布(bu)置(zhi)傳熱(re)(re)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)大(da)，空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)分布(bu)均勻，傳熱(re)(re)好；斜頂布(bu)置(zhi)時，通風(feng)機(ji)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)人(ren)字(zi)空(kong)間，占地面(mian)積(ji)(ji)小(xiao)，結構緊湊。為(wei)(wei)抵(di)消(xiao)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)側(ce)的(de)給熱(re)(re)系(xi)數較低(di)的(de)影(ying)響，通常(chang)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)壁(bi)裝(zhuang)翅(chi)(chi)片(pian)(pian)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子。翅(chi)(chi)片(pian)(pian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)作為(wei)(wei)傳熱(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，可(ke)以擴大(da)傳熱(re)(re)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)。翅(chi)(chi)片(pian)(pian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)分層排(pai)列(lie)(lie)，其(qi)(qi)兩端用(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)接(jie)或(huo)脹(zhang)接(jie)方法(fa)連接(jie)在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)上。排(pai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)一般(ban)(ban)為(wei)(wei)3～8排(pai)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)系(xi)列(lie)(lie)尺(chi)寸長達12米(mi)。光管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)徑常(chang)為(wei)(wei)25毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)和38毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)，翅(chi)(chi)片(pian)(pian)高度(du)一般(ban)(ban)取(qu)12～15毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)寬為(wei)(wei)100～3000毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)。翅(chi)(chi)片(pian)(pian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)是空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)冷卻器的(de)核心元件，其(qi)(qi)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)和材(cai)料(liao)直接(jie)影(ying)響設備性(xing)能。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)碳鋼(gang)、銅、鋁(lv)和不銹鋼(gang)等制(zhi)成；翅(chi)(chi)片(pian)(pian)材(cai)料(liao)根據使用(yong)(yong)(yong)環境(jing)和制(zhi)造工藝(yi)來確定，大(da)多用(yong)(yong)(yong)工業純鋁(lv)，在(zai)防腐蝕要(yao)求很高或(huo)在(zai)制(zhi)造工藝(yi)條件特(te)殊的(de)情況下也采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)銅或(huo)不銹鋼(gang)。翅(chi)(chi)片(pian)(pian)可(ke)按橫(heng)向或(huo)縱向排(pai)列(lie)(lie)。翅(chi)(chi)片(pian)(pian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)基(ji)本形(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)：繞片(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、鑲片(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、軋片(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、套片(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、焊(han)片(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、橢圓管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、紊流式(shi)(shi)(shi)（包(bao)括輪輻式(shi)(shi)(shi)、開槽形(xing)(xing)和波(bo)紋形(xing)(xing)等）。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)的(de)結構主要(yao)有(you)法(fa)蘭式(shi)(shi)(shi)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)堵式(shi)(shi)(shi)和集合(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。一般(ban)(ban)前(qian)者用(yong)(yong)(yong)于中(zhong)低(di)壓，后兩者用(yong)(yong)(yong)于高壓。為(wei)(wei)適應管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)的(de)熱(re)(re)膨脹(zhang)，一端管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)不固定，容許沿管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)長方向位移。通風(feng)機(ji)通常(chang)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)軸流通風(feng)機(ji)。

　　通風方式

　　通(tong)(tong)風(feng)有鼓風(feng)和引風(feng)兩(liang)種方(fang)(fang)式。①鼓風(feng)式：空氣先流(liu)(liu)經(jing)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)機后流(liu)(liu)入管束。②引風(feng)式：空氣先流(liu)(liu)經(jing)管束后流(liu)(liu)入通(tong)(tong)風(feng)機。前者操作(zuo)費用(yong)較(jiao)經(jing)濟，產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)湍流(liu)(liu)對(dui)(dui)傳熱(re)有利，使用(yong)較(jiao)多。后者氣流(liu)(liu)分布均勻，有利于(yu)溫(wen)度控制(zhi)，噪聲小，是發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)向。熱(re)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)出口(kou)(kou)溫(wen)度主要靠調(diao)節通(tong)(tong)過(guo)管束的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)量來控制(zhi)，即調(diao)節葉片的(de)(de)(de)傾角、通(tong)(tong)風(feng)機轉速和百葉窗的(de)(de)(de)開啟(qi)程度等。對(dui)(dui)冬季易(yi)凝(ning)、易(yi)凍的(de)(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)，可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)熱(re)風(feng)循環或蒸汽加熱(re)的(de)(de)(de)辦法(fa)調(diao)節流(liu)(liu)體(ti)出口(kou)(kou)溫(wen)度。

　　基本形式

　　空氣(qi)冷卻(que)器(qi)(qi)翅片(pian)(pian)(pian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的基本形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有：套(tao)片(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、繞片(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、軋片(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、焊片(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、橢(tuo)圓管(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鑲片(pian)(pian)(pian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、紊流式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、輪(lun)輻式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、開槽形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)波(bo)紋形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。空氣(qi)冷卻(que)器(qi)(qi)的管(guan)(guan)(guan)箱結構主要有法蘭式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)堵式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和集(ji)合管(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。一般(ban)法蘭式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)于中低壓(ya)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)堵式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和集(ji)合管(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)于高壓(ya)。